【观点】宁笔 | 了解Web of Science如何标引撤稿文献，理性看待撤稿文献-中国科技期刊发展论坛专题页

【观点】宁笔 | 了解Web of Science如何标引撤稿文献，理性看待撤稿文献

2024-03-24

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宁笔

科睿唯安中国区总监

撤稿及相关行为是科研伦理和学术规范的一部分，对于科研人员和学术界都具有重要意义。明确行为定义及标准、科学标注行为类型及论文状态，不仅是对每一份科研成果、每一位科研人员的基本责任，更是对科学本质上的尊重。以Web of Science（后文简称WOS）为例，撤稿及相关行为就有着明确的标引方式。

一、撤稿及相关行为类型

共分为4组7种相关文献类型：

1 、第1组-第1种相关文献类型

更正（Correction）：更正先前发表的文章中发现的错误，以及在该文章发表后发现的明显错误。包括补遗和勘误（additions and errata）。撤回项目在2016年之前作为更正处理。原始论文信息包含在收回的标题中，并且引用原始论文。

Correction: Correction of errors found in articles that were previously published and which have been made known after that article was published. Includes additions and errata. Retraction Items were processed as corrections prior to 2016. A correction title will include the citation to the article being corrected.

1998年及此前，用“Correction, Addition”，这段时间也存在少量“Correction”，是后加工的数据。

2 、第2组-第2、3种相关文献类型

关注表达（Expression of Concern）：给出如此警告的文章存在一些问题、疑点或争议，结果可能会导致未来的撤回通知或更正通知。原始论文信息包含在收回的标题中，并且引用原始论文。

Expression of Concern: A notification about the integrity of a published article that is typically written by an editor. The outcome may result in a future retraction notice or correction notice. The original article information is included in the title of the Expression of Concern and the original article is cited.

有关注表达的出版物（Publication with Expression of Concern）：刊登了关注表达的原始出版物。有关注表达的出版物将具有双重文档类型：比如文章；表达关注的出版物。只有在发布了关注表达通知的情况下，才会指定“发布关注表达”双文档类型。

Publication with Expression of Concern: An original publication that has an Expression of Concern published about it. A Publication with Expression of Concern will have a dual document type: EXAMPLE: Article; Publication with Expression of Concern. A “Publication with Expression of Concern” dual document type will only be assigned if an Expression of Concern notice is published.

3 、第3组-第4、5种相关文献类型

撤回项目（Item Withdrawal）：编辑或作者发表声明，宣布撤稿及撤稿原因。项目撤回通知必须说明项目正在撤回。2021年之前，项目撤回作为撤回处理。原始论文信息包含在收回的标题中，并且引用原始论文。

Item Withdrawal: A published statement from the editor or author announcing the withdrawal of a manuscript and the reason for the withdrawal. The Item Withdrawal notice must state that the item is being withdrawn. The original article information is included in the title of the withdrawal item and the original article is cited. Prior to 2021 Item Withdrawals were processed as a Retraction.

撤回出版物（Withdrawn Publication）：被作者、机构、编辑或出版商撤回的文章。撤回的出版物将有双重文件类型：例如：文章；撤回的出版物。撤回出版物双文档类型于2021年创建，只有在发布项目撤回通知时才会确定。

Withdrawn Publication: An article that has been withdrawn by an author, institution, editor, or a publisher. A Withdrawn Publication will have a dual document type: EXAMPLE: Article; Withdrawn Publication. A Withdrawn Publication dual document type was created in 2021 and will only be assigned if an Item Withdrawal notice is published.

4 、第4组-第6、7种相关文献类型

撤稿（Retraction）：编辑或作者发表的声明，宣布撤销稿件和撤销原因。撤销通知必须说明论文正在撤回中。在2016年之前，撤稿作为更正处理。原始论文信息包含在收回的标题中，并且引用原始论文。

Retraction: A published statement from the editor or author announcing the retraction of a manuscript and the reason for the retraction. The retraction notice must state that the item is being retracted. The original article information is included in the title of the retraction and the original article is cited. Prior to 2016 retractions were processed as corrections. The original article information is included in the title of the retraction and the original article is cited.

撤稿出版物（Retracted Publication）：被作者、机构、编辑或出版商撤销的文章。撤稿文章将具有双重文档类型：示例文章；撤稿出版物。撤稿发布双文档类型创建于2016年，只有在发布撤稿通知时才会确定。

Retracted Publication: An article that has been retracted by an author, institution, editor, or a publisher. A Retracted Article will have a dual document type: EXAMPLE Article; Retracted Publication. A Retracted Publication dual document type was created in 2016 and will only be assigned if a retraction notice is published.

二、Web of Science中对相关行为的具体标引

撤稿及相关行为的文章，在WOS检索后的页面上会有不同于之前的标识，根据类别不同，标识也有所差异。

1 、更正（Correction）

在文章的信息展示页，撤稿前显示为文章类型，撤稿后文章类型处标为“更正（Correction）”。